SurfaSens, or Surface Cosmogenic Neutron Probe (SCNP), uses natural background cosmogenic neutrons as the source and measures average soil moisture in the top few decimeters of soil over a horizontal area of approximately 1 m2 (10 ft2). It can be used for measuring water content of any material placed at the land surface, such as concrete, grain, snow, soil, organic matter etc. It is a safe replacement for the standard surface probe that uses an artificial source of neutrons, and that is common in agriculture, engineering and science.